How To Report Skewness And Kurtosis In Results Section Apa

Apa style jars journal article reporting standards.

How to report skewness and kurtosis in results section apa. Reported as apa 2001. This section covers specifically how apa style is used to report statistical information or results in various forms in a journal. Two tailed p values are assumed. The results showed that skewness ranged between 2 49 and 2 33.

The skewness is 0 06 and the kurtosis is 5 9. Here x is the sample mean. Round as above unless spss gives a p value of 000. For skewness if the value is greater than 1 0 the distribution is right skewed.

Well for a normal distribution skewness 0. Kurtosis tells you the height and sharpness of the central peak relative to that of a standard bell curve. The double exponential is a symmetric distribution. N sd m p mdn r df etc.

Compared to the normal it has a stronger peak more rapid decay and heavier tails. Report results of difference tests for comparisons between alternative models. Descriptive statistics skewness kurtosis. These often include the median standard deviation skewness and kurtosis.

The values of kurtosis ranged between 1 92 and 7 41. Measures of cognitive ability and of other psychological variables were included. Cauchy distribution the third histogram is a sample from a cauchy distribution. Results sections should not be discussions of the relevance of the empirical findings and should.

If skewness is between 0 5 and 0 5 the distribution is approximately symmetric. If you are reporting a one tailed p value you must say so. In apa format the results sections of any manuscript apa format or non apa format are intended to report the quantitative and sometimes qualitative results of descriptive summaries and inferential tests performed to support or refute a hypothesis. Then report p 001.

All statistical symbols are reported in italics. This is true whether they appear in the body of the journals or tables. If you re reading this to complete some assignment you re probably asked to report some descriptive statistics for some variables. Considering skewness and kurtosis together the results indicated that only 5 5 of distributions were close to expected values under normality.

It s absolutely symmetrical and. Omit the leading zero from p values correlation coefficients r partial eta squared ηp2 and. That is we would expect a skewness near zero and a kurtosis higher than 3. If skewness is between 1 and 0 5 or between 0 5 and 1 the distribution is moderately skewed.

Report values of statistics that measure univariate or multivariate skewness and kurtosis that support the assumption of normal distributions.